#Soil
◇ Alluvial soils are formed mainly due to silt deposited by Indo-Gangetic-Brahmaputra rivers.
◇ In coastal regions, some alluvial deposits are formed due to wave action.
◇ Rocks of the Himalayas form the parent material.
◇ They are the largest soil group covering about 15 lakh sq km or about 45.6 per cent of the total area.
◇ They support more than 40% of India’s population by providing the most productive agricultural lands.
□ CHARACTERSTICS OF ALLUVIAL SOIL.
◇ They are immature and have weak profiles due to their recent origin.
◇ Most of the soil is loamy. Sandy and clayey soils are not uncommon.
◇ Pebbly and gravelly soils are rare.
◇ Kankar (calcareous concretions) beds are present in some regions along the river terraces.
◇ The soil is porous because of its loamy (equal proportion of sand and clay) nature.
◇ Porosity and texture provide good drainage and other conditions favourable for agriculture.
◇ These soils are replenished by the recurrent floods.
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